高盐高有机制药废水污泥电渗透高干脱水

为研究高盐高有机制药废水污泥的电渗透脱水效果，深入认识化学污泥的电脱水过程，本文采用电渗透高干脱水技术对经抽滤脱水的高盐高有机制药废水化学污泥进行深度脱水，考察了泥饼初始pH的改变对污泥电渗透高干脱水过程中阴阳极污泥的含水率、电流、电导率、pH、zeta电位与能耗的影响，验证了对高盐高有机制药废水污泥实行电渗透高干脱水的可行性，解析了化学污泥电渗透脱水过程的机制。结果表明，泥饼pH为2、3、4时，zeta电位为正值，电渗流反向流动，无法脱水；pH增至5时，zeta电位为负值，电渗流从阴极脱除，污泥含水率从53.2%降至44.8%，脱水效果最好；但pH增至6时，脱水量有所降低。污泥电导率随pH的增加而降低。pH为5时初始电流最大。脱水15min时，即污泥含水率降至45.5%时，能源利用率最高。     

纳米纤维素的疏水改性及应用研究进展

纳米纤维素作为一种性能优越的可再生纳米材料，应用前景极为广阔。然而，由于纳米纤维素结构上富含羟基，使其具有极强的亲水性，严重影响了纳米纤维素的疏水性能，并且在一定程度上限制了其在复合材料领域的应用。综述了纳米纤维素疏水改性的研究进展，从物理吸附、表面化学修饰（甲硅烷化、烷酰化、酯化等）、聚合物接枝共聚3个方面简述了目前应用较为广泛的疏水化改性方法，并对疏水纳米纤维素在包装材料、造纸、水净化等方面的应用现状进行了总结。最后对疏水改性纳米纤维素的未来发展进行了展望，旨在为疏水纳米纤维素的研究和应用提供参考。     

苏通GIL运输专用机具动力电池类型探讨

GIL运输专用机具是为安全、可靠、高效地完成苏通GIL综合管廊工程GIL单元的运输任务而研制的专用机具,其中动力电池系统设计是整机设计的重点之一。通过对各种常见动力电池优缺点的分析,并结合苏通GIL运输专用机具对动力电池的需求分析,确定了动力电池系统的技术路线,为苏通GIL运输专用机具的研制提供了坚实的基础。     

Reoptimization framework and policy analysis for maritime inventory routing under uncertainty

We study a maritime inventory routing problem, in which shipments between production and consumption nodes are carried out by a fleet of vessels. The vessels have specific capacities and can be chartered under different agreements. The inventory levels of all consumption nodes and some production nodes should be maintained within specified bounds; for the remaining production nodes, orders should be picked up within pre-defined time windows. We propose a discrete-time mixed-integer programming model. In the face of new information and uncertainty, this optimization model has to be re-solved, as the horizon is rolled forward. We discuss how to account for different sources of uncertainty. We present a rolling-horizon reoptimization framework that allows us to study different policies that impact the quality of the implemented solution, so we can identify the optimal set of policies.     

Unveiling the role of Fe3O4in polymer spin valve near Verwey transition

The spinterface formed between ferromagnetic(FM)electrode and organic materials is vital for performance optimization in organic spin valve(OSV).Half-metallic Fe₃O₄with drastic change in structure,conductivity and magnetic property near Verwey transition can serve as an intrinsic spinterface regulator.However,such modulating effect of Fe₃O₄in OSV has not been comprehensively investigated,especially below the Verwey transition temperature(Tv).Here,we highlight the important role of Fe₃O₄electrode in reliable-working and controllable Fe₃O₄/P3HT/Co polymer spin valves by investigating the magnetoresistance(MR)above and below 7V.In order to distinguish between different contributions to charge transport and related MR responses,the systematic electronic and magnetic characterizations were carried out in full temperature range.Particularly,the first-order metal-insulator transition in Fe₃O₄has a dramatic effect on the MR enhancement of polymer spin valves at 7V.Moreover,both the conducting mode transformation and MR line shape modulation could be accomplished across 7V.This research renders unique scenario to multimodal storage by external thermodynamic parameters,and further reveals the importance of spin-dependent interfacial modification in polymer spin valves.     

Anchoring single Pt atoms on hollow Ag3VO4 spheres for improved activity towards photocatalytic H2 evolution reaction

The high cost of noble metal catalysts has been a great bottleneck for the catalyst industry. Using the noble metal at a single-atom level for catalytic applications could dramatically decrease the cost. The impacts of single Pt atoms on the photocatalytic performance of Ag₃VO₄ have been investigated and reported. In this report, single Pt atoms were anchored on the surface of Ag₃VO₄ (AVO) as a cocatalyst, and the resultant composite photocatalyst has been studied for photocatalytic H₂ production from water driven by visible light. The as-prepared AVO particles are hollow nanospheres in the monoclinic phase with a bandgap of 2.20 eV. The light absorption edge of AVO/Pt is slightly red-shifted compared to that of the pristine AVO, indicating more visible light absorption of AVO/Pt. The XPS peaks of Ag, V, and Pt exhibit a significant shift after AVO and Pt get into contact, suggesting the strong interaction between the surface Ag and V atoms, and single Pt atoms. After 3-h illumination, the photocatalytic H₂ evolution amount from AVO/Pt is improved up to 1400 μmol, which is 2.8 times that on the bare AVO. Such efficient photocatalytic H₂ evolution on AVO/Pt is still maintained after five reaction cycles. The better photocatalytic performance of AVO/Pt has been attributed to the more efficient visible light utilization and the lower interfacial charge transfer resistance, as demonstrated in the DRS and EIS spectra. The presence of the surface Pt atoms also leads to a higher amount of reactive radicals, which could efficiently promote the surface redox reactions.     

单相硼化物的制备及摩擦磨损性能研究

为了深入研究渗硼层中硼化物的性能，采用真空感应熔炼法制备单相硼化物材料。观察分析制备的硼化物微观组织，测试其力学性能。采用MMU-5G型销-盘式摩擦磨损试验机，在干摩擦条件下，研究了不同载荷下单相硼化物的摩擦学性能，观察其磨损表面形貌特征，探讨其磨损方式。结果表明：制备的硼化物为单一相，试样纯度高，试样的平均显微硬度为HV2065，平均断裂韧性值为1.68 MPa·m1/2；硼化物的断口处没有宏观的塑性变形，断口齐平光亮，表现为脆性断裂特征；干摩擦条件下随着载荷从10 N增加到30 N，硼化物的摩擦因数先降低后增加，20 N载荷时达到最小值，而其磨损量随着载荷的增加不断上升；随着载荷从10 N增加到30 N，磨损表面的粗糙度先逐渐上升后急剧上升； 10~20 N载荷下，硼化物的磨损以磨粒磨损为主，而25~30 N载荷下，硼化物的主要磨损方式从磨粒磨损转变为脆性破损。     

偏高岭土和粉煤灰对碱-矿渣复合胶凝材料的凝结时间及早期力学性能的影响

研究了水胶比为0.4,水玻璃模数为1.4及Na2O含量为10％(质量分数)时,单掺偏高岭土与复掺偏高岭土和粉煤灰对碱-矿渣复合胶凝材料的凝结时间和早期力学性能的影响.结果 表明,两种复合方式对碱-矿渣复合胶凝材料均有缓凝作用,但复掺时的缓凝效果更明显.单掺时,碱-矿渣复合胶凝材料的早期抗折、抗压强度和折压比基本不随偏高岭土掺量的变化而变化,但其28 d粘接强度随偏高岭土掺量的增加而增大.复掺时,碱-矿渣复合胶凝材料早期抗压强度随粉煤灰掺量的增加而减小;与单掺时相比,该复合胶凝材料72 h抗折强度和折压比分别提高了40％和64％.除此之外,复掺时该复合胶凝材料28 d粘接强度比单掺时提高了45％,但粉煤灰掺量的影响较小.     

Ti-6Al-4V电弧熔丝增材轧制复合制造的有限元模拟

增材制造过程中由于在凝固及随后的冷却阶段易产生残余应力,从而影响部件的成形和使用。在增材过程中引入轧制工序,可望降低宏观残余应力,从而降低部件的变形。本文通过建立Ti-6Al-4V钛合金电弧熔丝增材与层间轧制复合成形过程的有限元模型,研究圆柱形轧辊条件下不同压下量对部件温度、应力、应变及残余应力分布的影响规律。结果表明,层间轧制可显著降低沉积层金属中的残余宏观应力；同时降低对基板的整体应力。采用圆柱形轧辊并增加压下量可显著降低宏观残余应力,还可以通过塑性变形改变材料的微观组织,提高材料性能,为复合增材工艺的优化指明了方向。     

The Marginal Density of a TMA(1) Process

This note reconsiders the marginal density of a threshold moving average process and proposes a simple yet effective numerical algorithm to implement that by solving an associated integral equation. This algorithm can also be applied to calculate stationary probability density or distribution functions of a few other types of nonlinear stationary stochastic processes numerically.